Effects of a gait training program with the Fisior^® sequential square mat on balance and gait in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a randomized clinical trial

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects mobility, balance, and gait, increasing fall risk. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a gait training program using the Fisior^® sequential square mat to improve gait speed and physical performance in PD patients. Methods: A randomized, multicenter clinical trial was conducted with individuals over 50 years old diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease from two centers in Spain (n = 52). Participants were assigned to a control group receiving conventional physiotherapy or an intervention group using the Fisior^® sequential square mat. The 12-week intervention included progressive balance and resistance training sessions (30–40 min, three times per week). Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze variations in physical performance, gait speed, and fall risk. Results: Results showed significant functional improvements in the intervention group. Participants exhibited better performance in the Sit & Stand test (β = -15.61; p = 0.029), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) global score (β = 1.35; p = 0.011), balance test (β = 0.54; p = 0.041), chair test (β = 0.67; p = 0.042), and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test (β = 0.10; p = 0.006). Additionally, FallSkip time was significantly associated with TUG performance (β = -0.01; p = 0.035), suggesting improved reaction times and a potential reduction in fall risk. Conclusions: The Fisior^® training program improves balance, mobility, and functional performance in individuals with PD, suggesting it may be a useful adjunct within physiotherapy to reduce gait impairments and fall risk. Clinical trial registration number: NCT05131880 (Registered on August 11, 2021).