Study of the Brain Waves for the identification of the Basic Needs of Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a degenerative disease that mainly attacks motor neurons that affect upper and lower extremities and the body movement, also can't communicate their basic needs. Cyton and Daisy Biosensing Boards that are capable of obtaining brainwaves in 16 channels (Fp1,Fp2,C3,C4,T5,T6,O1,O2,F7,F8,F3,F4, T3,T4,P3 and P4) distributed in the head using connection 10-20. The basic needs are composed of hunger, pain and temperature change that is better known as physiological needs. The MATLAB program was used to process the signals, in addition to using a sampling frequency of 250 Hz with 128 data per second. In addition, for the analysis of hunger a video was shown, for the change of temperature a frost air was applicate; for pain, it was taken 10 seconds where a pin was punctured in the second 5. Obtaining as results: hunger signal is obtained a variation in the frequencies 2 Hz, 4 Hz being the Delta Wave, the differences are in the channels Fp2,C4,F8 and F3 in the second 5 and 60; the signal of change of temperature: heat to cold the frequency of 3 Hz, showing in all the channels being the seconds 6 and 60; cold to heat the frequency of 5 Hz, being the Theta wave, the channels Fp2,C3,F8,F3,T4 and T3 are where the difference of signals in seconds 3 and 4 is shown; finally, pain where in the channels Fp1, Fp2 C3,C4,T5,T6,O1,O2,F7,F8,F3,F4,T3,T4 and P3 in the frequency of 2 Hz in the second 5 the differences of signs.