Prevalence of cervical and apical root resorption in maxillary central incisors without orthodontic treatment: A cone-beam computed tomography study in Peruvian individuals

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cervical and apical root resorption in maxillary central incisors of Peruvian adults without a history of orthodontic treatment, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: This was an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. The sample included 103 CBCT scans from adult individuals in a Peruvian population, comprising 71 women and 32 men (mean age: 34 ± 32 years). DICOM files were analyzed using RayScan Expert 3D software. The presence of cervical and apical root resorption in permanent maxillary central incisors was assessed by examining coronal, sagittal, and axial sections. Demographic characteristics were also recorded. Fisher’s exact test and binary logistic regression were used to evaluate associations, with a significance level set at p?> 0.05. Results: The overall prevalence of root resorption was 5.8%, with cervical root resorption accounting for 1.0% and apical root resorption for 4.9%. No significant association was found between sex and the presence of root resorption (p = 0.173). Neither sex nor age had a direct influence on the occurrence of root resorption. Conclusions: The prevalence of cervical and apical root resorption in maxillary central incisors of untreated Peruvian adults was low. Nevertheless, this condition should be considered by orthodontists during diagnosis and treatment planning.