First description of the Chilean angel shark embryos, Squatina armata (Philippi, 1887) (Squatiniformes: Squatinidae) in Peruvian waters

The Chilean angel shark (Squatina armata) is a critically endangered species distributed along the eastern and southeastern Pacific Ocean. Despite its ecological importance, little is known about its reproductive biology. This study documents the first detailed description of S. armata embryos, based on a gravid female incidentally captured in southern Peru. The specimen, measuring 925 mm in total length, contained six embryos (three females and three males) with total lengths ranging from 186 to 197 mm. The morphological features of the embryos, such as dermal denticles, dorsal coloration, and fully formed teeth, suggest they were in an advanced developmental stage. Observations confirm lecithotrophic viviparity, with both internal and external yolk sacs still present. These findings provide valuable data on the reproductive traits of S. armata, emphasizing the need for further research to support conservation strategies for this vulnerable species.