Determination of the risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 in the peruvian population. Demographic and family health survey 2022

Introduction: diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is a disease whose cause involves endogenous and exogenous factors, repre-senting a global public health problem. Prediabetes detection studies through basal glucose levels, applied at the national level, would be highly costly economically and logistically, howe-ver, knowing the population at risk is feasible based on anthro-pometric parameters, health history, and lifestyles, among others, which can be obtained through questionnaires designed to detect the risk of suffering from this endocrinopathy. Objectives: to analyze the risk of DM2 in the Peruvian population. Materials and methods: observational, analytical, retrospective and cross-sectional study. The population was around 29,000 non-diabetic adults whose data come from the National Family Health Survey-2022. Bang's diabetes risk questionnaire was used based on the survey data. The variables were: sex, age, body mass index, education level, mean arterial pressure. Pearson's Chi-square test, Cramer's V, student's t, crude Odds Ratio and adjusted by binary logistic regression were performed. Results: mean body mass index and mean arterial pressure were higher in adults at risk of DM2. The average risk score in men was 4.24 and in women, 2.92. 49% of men were at risk of diabetes and women in 22.30%. 76.30% of adults aged 40 and over were at risk while in young adults it was 9.40%. There was a weak statistically significant association in educational level (V=0.054) and strong in gender (V=0.690). Men were 9.81 times more likely to be at risk than women, and adults 40 years and older were 53.72 times more likely to have DM2 than young adults. Conclusions: the risk of diabetes is in a high percentage of the Peruvian population mainly associated with sex and age from 40 years, which is accompanied by significant changes in body mass index in women and hypertension in men. The use of the Bang diabetes risk questionnaire, which requires only anthropometric measurements, lifestyle data, personal and family history, would be beneficial for the detection of risk groups at the national level.