Factors Associated with Hemoglobin in Acute Kidney Injury: Differences between Survivors and Deceased Patients

Introduction: Acute kidney injury is associated with high morbidity and mortality, frequently accompanied by anemia as a secondary complication. Objective: To determine factors associated with minimum hemoglobin at 14 days in patients with acute kidney injury, differentiating between survivors and deceased. Methods: Longitudinal study of a secondary database of hospitalized patients with Acute kidney injury. Clinical and biochemical variables were analyzed using multivariate linear regression to identify factors associated with minimum hemoglobin at 14 days. The analysis was stratified according to survival. Standardized coefficients (β), Spearman correlation and Student's t test were used. Results: The regression model showed good fit in both survivors and deceased patients. In survivors, baseline hemoglobin was the strongest predictor, along with length of hospitalization and bicarbonate levels. In the diseased, age and days of hospitalization were significant. In the correlation analysis, day-14 hemoglobin in survivors was mainly associated with diastolic blood pressure and bicarbonate, whereas in the deceased it showed a negative correlation with the days of hospitalization. Conclusions: Multivariate regression analysis identified key predictors of hemoglobin decline in patients with acute kidney injury. Differences in predictive factors between survivors and deceased suggest distinct pathophysiological mechanisms.