Alcoholic Beverage Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus According to Waist Circumference in the Peruvian Population

Introduction: Alcohol intake has been proposed to modulate insulin resistance through stimulation of adiponectin production. This study aimed to determine the association and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) according to alcohol consumption and abdominal circumference in Peruvian adults. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and retrospective study was conducted using data from the 2022 National Household Survey. The sample comprised 14,164 women and 11,700 men. Variables included sex, monthly alcohol consumption, waist circumference, and diabetes risk. Statistical analyses comprised chi-square, Student’s t-test, Cramer’s V, crude and adjusted odds ratios (via binary logistic regression), including educational level, bmi, and mean arterial pressure as covariates. Results: Mean diabetes risk scores were higher among non-regular alcohol consumers compared to regular drinkers. Participants who did not consume alcohol regularly in the previous 12 months presented a greater likelihood of T2DM risk, particularly those with elevated waist circumference. Conclusions: Regular alcohol consumption for at least one year appeared to reduce T2DM risk among adults with high waist circumference, whereas abstainers exhibited higher diabetes risk.