Migraine, associated factors, and functional disability in medical students at a peruvian university during the COVID-19 pandemic: An analytical cross-sectional study

Background: It is unknown whether the confinement caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may influence migraine triggers. This study aimed to determine the frequency of migraine and their associated factors in medical students at a Peruvian university. The characteristics of migraine episodes and degree of functional disability caused by migraine were also evaluated. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on medical students of a Peruvian university. The suspected migraine was determined with the Migraine Screen Questionnaire. Sociodemographic, confounding, and COVID-19 pandemic–related variables were included as possible associated factors. Poisson regression models were used, and crude and adjusted prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Results: The participants comprised 327 students, and 30.3% (n = 99) had suspected migraine. Sex, clustered semesters, having family members with migraine and COVID-19 risk factors, and hours in front of the computer were associated with a higher probability of migraine. However, having more hours of sleep per day was associated with a lower probability. Moreover, most students with migraine had a severe functional disability (41.4%). Conclusions: The high frequency of migraine in medical students could be due to COVID-19-related quarantine. Certain pandemic-related factors increase the probability of having migraine. A high level of disability should promote timely diagnosis and follow-up in affected students.