TY - JOUR
T1 - Associated factors to depression diagnosed during incarceration in Peruvian male prisoners
T2 - a sub-analysis of the national census of prison population
AU - Al-kassab-Córdova, Ali
AU - Silva-Perez, Claudia
AU - Quevedo-Ramirez, Andres
AU - Mendoza Lugo, Marco Gonzalo
AU - Azcarruz-Asencios, Jonathan
AU - Castañeda-Montenegro, Giancarlo
AU - Bravo-Cucci, Sergio
AU - Maguina, Jorge L.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.
PY - 2023/9/5
Y1 - 2023/9/5
N2 - Purpose: Depression has become a major health concern, particularly in developing countries. This disorder is highly prevalent among certain vulnerable populations, such as prisoners. In Peru, prisons are overcrowded, and the health of prisoners is neglected. Thus, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of depression diagnosed during incarceration in male inmates from all Peruvian prisons and assess its associated factors. Design/methodology/approach: A cross-sectional study was conducted based on the secondary data analysis of the National Census of Prison Population 2016 in Peru. This study included records of prisoners who reported whether they were diagnosed with depression by a health-care professional after admission into the prisons. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed. Findings: Of the 63,312 prisoners included in this study, 1,007 reported an in-prison diagnosis of depression by a health-care professional, which represents a prevalence of 1.59%. Substance use disorder (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.91–5.03), hypertension (aPR 7.20; 95% CI: 6.28–8.24) and previous discrimination (aPR 1.97; 95% CI: 1.62–2.40) were strongly associated with depression, even when adjusting for multiple confounders. Other directly associated variables were, for example, violence during childhood, infrequent visits in prison and diabetes. Originality/value: The right of prisoners to adequate health care is being neglected in Peru. Mental health is a cornerstone of health quality. Acknowledging which factors are associated with depression in prison is important to implement strategies to improve the mental health of prisoners.
AB - Purpose: Depression has become a major health concern, particularly in developing countries. This disorder is highly prevalent among certain vulnerable populations, such as prisoners. In Peru, prisons are overcrowded, and the health of prisoners is neglected. Thus, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of depression diagnosed during incarceration in male inmates from all Peruvian prisons and assess its associated factors. Design/methodology/approach: A cross-sectional study was conducted based on the secondary data analysis of the National Census of Prison Population 2016 in Peru. This study included records of prisoners who reported whether they were diagnosed with depression by a health-care professional after admission into the prisons. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed. Findings: Of the 63,312 prisoners included in this study, 1,007 reported an in-prison diagnosis of depression by a health-care professional, which represents a prevalence of 1.59%. Substance use disorder (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.91–5.03), hypertension (aPR 7.20; 95% CI: 6.28–8.24) and previous discrimination (aPR 1.97; 95% CI: 1.62–2.40) were strongly associated with depression, even when adjusting for multiple confounders. Other directly associated variables were, for example, violence during childhood, infrequent visits in prison and diabetes. Originality/value: The right of prisoners to adequate health care is being neglected in Peru. Mental health is a cornerstone of health quality. Acknowledging which factors are associated with depression in prison is important to implement strategies to improve the mental health of prisoners.
KW - Correctional health care
KW - Depression
KW - Health in prison
KW - Peru
KW - Prison
KW - Prisoners
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144637201&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1108/IJPH-03-2022-0025
DO - 10.1108/IJPH-03-2022-0025
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 36573688
AN - SCOPUS:85144637201
SN - 1744-9200
VL - 19
SP - 474
EP - 488
JO - International journal of prisoner health
JF - International journal of prisoner health
IS - 3
ER -