Actualización de la Relación Bidireccional de la Diabetes Mellitus y la Enfermedad Periodontal

ABSTRACT: Diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease are pathologies with a high prevalence in the population, and their frequency is increasing. Both present common mechanisms of progression and manifest themselves in terms of comorbidity. The aim of this review was to explain the mechanisms of two-way association between diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease. For this purpose, a systematic search of the information in PubMed databases wasdeveloped, ScienceDirect, Scoopus and EBSCO of the last three years and selected those in English that included the pathways of association between diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease or viceversa in a unidirectional or bidirectional manner. Diabetes mellitus corresponds to a metabolic disorder, which is characterized by a hyperglycemia product of the defect in the production or action of insulin, or both. In recent times, emphasis has been placed on the influence of the periodontal condition on the glycemic control of diabetic patients. This review concluded that there is a bidirectional association of diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease, as well as the existence of limitations of studies to explain this relationship in terms of causality.