NAT2 and CYP2E1 polymorphisms and antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in Peruvian patients

Luis Jaramillo-Valverde, Kelly S. Levano, David D. Tarazona, Silvia Capristano, Roberto Zegarra-Chapoñan, Cesar Sanchez, Velia M. Yufra-Picardo, Eduardo Tarazona-Santos, Cesar Ugarte-Gil, Heinner Guio

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

11 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: In Peru, 32,970 people were diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) in 2019. Although TB treatment is effective, 3.4%–13% is associated with significant adverse drug reactions (ADR), considering drug-induced liver injury (DILI) as the most prevalent. Among the first-line anti-TB drugs, isoniazid (INH) is primarily responsible for the occurrence of DILI. INH is metabolized in the liver by the enzymes N-acetyltransferase-2 (NAT2) and Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). Based on the previous studies, we hypothesized that the interactions between slow CYP2E1 genotype and NAT2 slow acetylators will induce DILI in TB patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all 377 participants completed their anti-TB treatment, and we genotyped SNPs: rs1041983, rs1801280, rs1799929, rs1799930, rs1208, and rs1799931 for NAT2 and rs3813867 and rs2031920 for CYP2E1. Results: We found that rapid, intermediate, and slow NAT2 acetylator were 15%, 38%, and 47%, respectively, in the general population. Intermediate NAT2 acetylator is the least prevalent among patients with adverse reactions (p = 0.024). We did not confirm our hypothesis, however, we found that the combination of intermediate NAT2 acetylators and CYP2E1 c1/c1 genotype significantly protected (OR = 0.16; p = 0.049) against the development of DILI in our population. Conclusion: We propose that the presence of NAT2 intermediate and CYP2E1 c1/c1 genotype could help in therapeutic drug monitoring, and optimize its therapeutic benefits while minimizing its risk for side effects or toxicity.

Original languageEnglish
Article numbere1987
JournalMolecular Genetics and Genomic Medicine
Volume10
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 2022
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • CYP2E1
  • hepatotoxicity
  • NAT2
  • tuberculosis

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