TY - JOUR
T1 - Mutagenic analysis of six disinfection by-products in the Tk gene of mouse lymphoma cells
AU - Liviac, Danae
AU - Creus, Amadeu
AU - Marcos, Ricard
N1 - Funding Information:
Danae Liviac was supported by a postgraduate fellowship from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. This investigation was supported in part by the Spanish Ministries of Education and Science ( SAF2005-07643-00-03 ) and Environment and Rural and Marine Affairs ( A036/2007/3-14.4 ), and by the Generalitat de Catalunya ( 2009SGR-725 ).
PY - 2011/6/15
Y1 - 2011/6/15
N2 - Drinking water must be disinfected prior to its distribution for human consumption. This water treatment process generates disinfection by-products (DBPs), formed by the interaction of the disinfectant with organic matter, anthropogenic contaminants and inorganic (bromide/iodide) matter naturally present in source water. Due to the potential genotoxic/carcinogenic risk of these DBPs, we have investigated the mutagenic potential of six of such compounds on the thymidine kinase (Tk) gene in the well-validated mouse lymphoma assay (MLA). The MLA quantifies a wide range of genetic alterations affecting the expression of this gene in L5178Y/Tk+/--3.7.2C cells. In this study we selected six emerging DBPs, corresponding to three different chemical classes: halonitromethanes (bromonitromethane and trichloronitromethane), halogenated acetaldehydes (tribromoacetaldehyde and chloral hydrate) and hydroxyfuranones (mucobromic and mucochloric acids), each class including one chlorinated and one brominated form. The results showed that after 4h of treatment, only mucobromic acid increased the frequency of mutant colonies, with a higher proportion of small colonies, which would indicate a clastogenic potential. This is the first study reporting mutagenicity data in mammalian cells for the six selected DBPs.
AB - Drinking water must be disinfected prior to its distribution for human consumption. This water treatment process generates disinfection by-products (DBPs), formed by the interaction of the disinfectant with organic matter, anthropogenic contaminants and inorganic (bromide/iodide) matter naturally present in source water. Due to the potential genotoxic/carcinogenic risk of these DBPs, we have investigated the mutagenic potential of six of such compounds on the thymidine kinase (Tk) gene in the well-validated mouse lymphoma assay (MLA). The MLA quantifies a wide range of genetic alterations affecting the expression of this gene in L5178Y/Tk+/--3.7.2C cells. In this study we selected six emerging DBPs, corresponding to three different chemical classes: halonitromethanes (bromonitromethane and trichloronitromethane), halogenated acetaldehydes (tribromoacetaldehyde and chloral hydrate) and hydroxyfuranones (mucobromic and mucochloric acids), each class including one chlorinated and one brominated form. The results showed that after 4h of treatment, only mucobromic acid increased the frequency of mutant colonies, with a higher proportion of small colonies, which would indicate a clastogenic potential. This is the first study reporting mutagenicity data in mammalian cells for the six selected DBPs.
KW - Disinfection by-products
KW - Mouse lymphoma cells
KW - Thymidine kinase mutation assay
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79956141971&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.04.062
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.04.062
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 21561708
AN - SCOPUS:79956141971
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 190
SP - 1045
EP - 1052
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
IS - 1-3
ER -